Twin Pathways: Discerning the Origins of Multiply Twinned Colloidal Nanoparticles

The structure of multiply twinned particles (MTPs) provides an example how specific crystallographic features dictate the geometric shape finite-sized crystals. formation MTPs during colloidal synthesis can occur through at least two different pathways: 1) growth from seeds or 2) stepwise new twin boundaries on single-crystalline (either by particle overgrowth multiparticle attachment). By utilizing in situ transmission electron microscopy, recent studies have provided real-time evidence for both pathways. Looking forward, knowledge evolution pathways that under a given synthetic condition will aid design robust MTP syntheses. More importantly, further pertaining to structural and energetics nanoparticles are needed provide complete understanding